Nuclear fusion promises a future of virtually limitless, clean, and carbon-free energy On December 5th, 2022, for the first time in nearly a century of controlled fusion research, scientists at the National Ignition Facility (NIF) of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory successfully generated a fusion reaction that produced more energy than that required to start the reaction. This process is called fusion ignition. The net gain of more than 1.3 megajoules (MJ) of energy produced in the NIF reaction has excited physicists and fusion researchers worldwide, sparking debate to the prospects of virtually limitless and carbon-free power. If further developments are made, and various challenges overcome, it is thought that nuclear fusion technology could potentially diminish, if not end, human dependence on fossil fuels and other non-renewable energy sources. Nuclear fusion is a…